Ingxubevange iyingxube noma isixazululo esiqinile esihlanganisa izinsimbi. Ngokufanayo, i-ferroalloy iyingxube ye-aluminium exutshwe nezinye izakhi ezifana ne-manganese, i-aluminium noma i-silicon ngezilinganiso eziphezulu. I-alloying ithuthukisa izici ezibonakalayo zezinto ezibonakalayo, njengokuminyana, ukusebenza kabusha, i-Young's modulus, ukuqhutshwa kukagesi kanye ne-thermal conductivity. Ngakho-ke, ama-ferroalloys abonisa izakhiwo ezihlukene ngoba izingxube zensimbi ezihlukene ngezilinganiso ezihlukene zibonisa izakhiwo eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-alloying iphinde iguqule izakhiwo zemishini yezinto zomzali, ukukhiqiza ubulukhuni, ukuqina, i-ductility, njll.
Imikhiqizo ye-Ferroalloy
Imikhiqizo eyinhloko ye-ferroalloys i-ferroaluminium, i-ferrosilicon, i-ferronickel, i-ferromolybdenum, i-ferrotungsten, i-ferrovanadium, i-ferromanganese, njll. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-ferroalloy ethile kuhilela izinqubo eziningi okufanele zilandelwe ukuze kutholwe izakhiwo ezidingekayo zomzimba nezomshini. Umehluko omncane wokushisa, ukushisa noma ukwakheka kungakhiqiza ama-alloys anezakhiwo ezihluke ngokuphelele. Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwama-ferroalloys ukwakha umphakathi, ukuhlobisa, izimoto, imboni yensimbi kanye nemishini kagesi. Imboni yensimbi ingumthengi omkhulu kakhulu wama-ferroalloys ngoba ama-ferroalloy adlulisela izakhiwo ezihlukahlukene kuma-alloys ensimbi nensimbi engagqwali.
I-Ferromolybdenum
I-Ferromolybdenum ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi ye-alloy ukuthuthukisa ubulukhuni, ukuqina nokumelana nokugqoka kwensimbi. Okuqukethwe kwe-molybdenum ku-ferromolybdenum ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-50% no-90%, futhi ukusetshenziswa okuhlukile kudinga okuqukethwe okuhlukile kwe-ferromolybdenum.
I-Ferrosilicon
I-Ferrosilicon ngokuvamile iqukethe i-silicon engu-15% kuya ku-90%, enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-silicon. I-Ferrosilicon iyi-alloy material ebalulekile, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi. Ama-Ferroalloys asiza ukukhipha insimbi nezinsimbi ezingayoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphinde ithuthukise ubulukhuni, amandla kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. I-China ingumkhiqizi oyinhloko we-ferrosilicon.
I-Ferrovanadium
I-Ferrovanadium ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza insimbi ye-alloy ukuthuthukisa amandla, ubulukhuni nokumelana nokugqoka kwensimbi. Okuqukethwe kwe-vanadium ku-ferrovanadium ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-30% no-80%, futhi ukusetshenziswa okuhlukile kudinga okuqukethwe okuhlukile kwe-ferrovanadium.
I-Ferrochrome
I-Ferrochrome, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-chromium iron, ngokuvamile yakhiwa 50% kuya ku-70% we-chromium ngesisindo. Ngokuyisisekelo, iyingxube ye-chromium nensimbi. I-Ferrochrome isetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza insimbi, ebalwa cishe ngama-80% okusetshenziswa komhlaba.
Ngokuvamile, i-ferrochrome ikhiqizwa ezithandweni zikagesi ze-arc. Inqubo yokukhiqiza iwukusabela kwe-carbothermic, okwenzeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu afinyelela ku-2800°C. Kudingeka inani elikhulu likagesi ukuze kufinyelelwe la mazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ngakho-ke, kubiza kakhulu ukukhiqiza emazweni anezindleko zikagesi eziphezulu. Abakhiqizi abakhulu be-ferrochrome yi-China, iNingizimu Afrika kanye neKazakhstan.
I-Ferrotungsten
I-Ferrotungsten ivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni i-alloy steel ukwandisa ubulukhuni, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwensimbi. Okuqukethwe kwe-tungsten ku-ferrotungsten ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-60% no-98%, futhi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene zidinga okuqukethwe okuhlukile kwe-ferrotungsten.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-ferrotungsten kwenziwa ikakhulukazi nge-blast furnace ironmaking noma indlela yesithando somlilo kagesi. Ekwenzeni insimbi yesithando somlilo esishisayo, insimbi equkethe i-tungsten ifakwa esithandweni somlilo kanye ne-coke ne-limestone ukuze incibilike ukuze kukhiqizwe ama-ferroalloys aqukethe i-tungsten. Ngendlela yesithando somlilo sikagesi, isithando somlilo se-arc sikagesi sisetshenziselwa ukushisa nokuncibilikisa izinto zokusetshenziswa eziqukethe i-tungsten ukuze kulungiswe i-ferrotungsten.
I-Ferrotitanium
Okuqukethwe kwe-titanium ku-ferrotungsten ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-10% no-45%. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-ferrotungsten kwenziwa ikakhulukazi nge-blast furnace ironmaking noma indlela yesithando somlilo kagesi. I-China ingomunye wabakhiqizi abakhulu be-ferrotungsten emhlabeni.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ferroalloys
Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi ye-alloy
Ama-Ferroalloys angenye yezinto ezibalulekile zokwenziwa kwensimbi ye-alloy. Ngokungeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-ferroalloys (njenge-ferrochrome, i-ferromanganese, i-ferromolybdenum, i-ferrosilicon, njll.) kunsimbi, izakhiwo zensimbi zingathuthukiswa, njengokuthuthukisa ubulukhuni, amandla, ukumelana nokuguga, ukumelana nokugqwala, njll., ukwenza insimbi ibe ngcono. ilungele imikhakha eyahlukene yobunjiniyela neyokukhiqiza.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-iron
I-cast iron iyinto evamile yokuphonsa, futhi ama-ferroalloys adlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni insimbi ekhonjiwe. Ukwengeza ingxenye ethile yama-ferroalloys kungathuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi ekhonjiwe, kuyenze ifaneleke kakhulu ukwenziwa kwezingxenye zemishini, izingxenye zezimoto, amapayipi, njll.
Imboni yamandla
Ama-Ferroalloys nawo asetshenziswa embonini yamandla, njengezinto ezibalulekile zama-transformer amandla. I-alloy iron ine-permeability enhle kazibuthe kanye ne-hysteresis ephansi, enganciphisa ngempumelelo ukulahlekelwa kwamandla ama-transformer amandla.
Inkambu ye-Aerospace
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-ferroalloys emkhakheni we-aerospace nakho kubaluleke kakhulu, njengokwenza izingxenye zesakhiwo nezingxenye zenjini zezindiza namarokhethi, okudinga ukuthi lezi zingxenye zibe nezici ezifana nesisindo esincane, amandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu.
Imboni Yamakhemikhali
Embonini yamakhemikhali, ama-ferroalloys avame ukusetshenziswa njengabathwali be-catalyst ekuphenduleni kwe-organic synthesis, ukuhlanzwa kwegesi nezinye izinqubo.
Izinto eziphikisayo
Ama-ferroalloys athile angasetshenziswa futhi ekulungiseleleni izinto eziphikisayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwezinto. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ekwenzeni izinto eziphikisayo ezimbonini ezifana ne- ironmaking kanye ne-steelmaking.
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