I-Ferrosilicon iyi-ferroalloy ebalulekile esetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yensimbi yensimbi kanye ne-Foundry. Lesi sihloko sizokwethula ngokuphelele inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-ferrosilicon, okuhlanganisa ukukhethwa kwempahla eluhlaza, izindlela zokukhiqiza, ukugeleza kwenqubo, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nomthelela wemvelo.
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokukhiqiza i-ferrosilicon
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko ezidingekayo ekukhiqizeni i-ferrosilicon zihlanganisa:
I-Quartz:Nikeza umthombo we-silicon
Insimbi noma insimbi yensimbi:Nikeza umthombo wensimbi
I-ejenti yokunciphisa:Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa amalahle, i-coke noma amalahle
Izinga nesilinganiso salezi zinto zokusetshenziswa kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwe-ferrosilicon kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina.
Imibandela yokukhetha impahla eluhlaza
Ukukhetha izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni eliphezulu kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa impumelelo yokukhiqizwa kwe-ferrosilicon. Okulandelayo ezinye izindlela okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa izinto zokusetshenziswa:
I-Quartz: I-quartz enobumsulwa obuphezulu kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-silicon dioxide engaphezu kuka-98% kufanele kukhethwe. Okuqukethwe ukungcola, ikakhulukazi i-aluminium, i-calcium ne-phosphorus okuqukethwe kufanele kube phansi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Insimbi yensimbi: Insimbi enensimbi ephezulu kanye nokungcola okuphansi kufanele kukhethwe. Izinsimbi ze-Scrap nazo ziyisinqumo esihle, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe okuqukethwe kwe-alloying element.
I-ejenti yokunciphisa: I-ejenti yokunciphisa enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoni engaguquki kanye nezinto eziguquguqukayo eziphansi nomlotha kufanele kukhethwe. Ukuze kukhiqizwe i-ferrosilicon yekhwalithi ephezulu, amalahle ngokuvamile akhethwa njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe akuthinti nje kuphela izinga lomkhiqizo, kodwa futhi kuthinta izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nomthelela wendawo. Ngakho-ke, lezi zici zidinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela lapho kukhethwa izinto zokusetshenziswa.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza ze-Ferrosilicon
1. Indlela yesithando somlilo se-arc kagesi
Indlela yesithando somlilo se-arc kagesi njengamanje iyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni i-ferrosilicon. Le ndlela isebenzisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elikhiqizwe i-arc kagesi ukuncibilikisa izinto zokusetshenziswa futhi inezici ezilandelayo:
Ukusebenza okuphezulu:Ingafinyelela ngokushesha izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elidingekayo
Ukulawula okunembile:Izimo zokushisa nezimo zokusabela zingalawulwa ngokunembile
Ivumelana nemvelo:Uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela, inokungcola okuncane
Ukugeleza kwenqubo yendlela yesithando somlilo se-arc kagesi kufaka phakathi lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
Ukulungiselela impahla eluhlaza kanye batching
Isithando somlilo siyalayisha
Ukushisisa ngogesi
Ukusabela kokuncibilika
Ekhipha esithandweni ethela
Ukupholisa nokuchoboza
2. Ezinye izindlela zokukhiqiza
Ngaphezu kwendlela yesithando somlilo se-arc kagesi, kunezinye izindlela zokukhiqiza i-ferrosilicon. Nakuba zingasetshenzisiwe kancane, zisasetshenziswa ezimweni ezithile ezithile:
Indlela yesithando somlilo esiqhumayo: Ifanele ukukhiqizwa okukhulu, kodwa esetshenziswa kakhulu amandla kanye nomthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo.
Indlela yesithando somlilo sokungeniswa: ilungele inqwaba encane, ukukhiqizwa kwe-ferrosilicon ehlanzekile.
Indlela yesithando somlilo sePlasma: ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, kodwa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini emikhulu.
Lezi zindlela zinezinzuzo kanye nokubi zazo, futhi ukukhethwa kwendlela yokukhiqiza efanele kudinga ukucatshangelwa okuphelele ngokuya ngesimo esithile.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza i-Ferrosilicon
1. Ukucubungula impahla eluhlaza
Ukucubungula impahla eluhlaza kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ekukhiqizeni i-ferrosilicon, okuhlanganisa izixhumanisi ezilandelayo:
Ukuhlola: Hlukanisa izinto ezingavuthiwe ngokosayizi wezinhlayiyana
Ukuchoboza: Ukuchoboza izingcezu ezinkulu zezinto ezingavuthiwe zibe usayizi ofanele
Ukomisa: Khipha umswakama ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza
I-Batching: Lungiselela ingxenye efanelekile yengxube yempahla eluhlaza ngokwezidingo zokukhiqiza
Izinga lokucubungula impahla eluhlaza lithinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo elandelayo yokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ngakho isixhumanisi ngasinye sidinga ukulawulwa ngokuqinile.
2. Inqubo yokuncibilikisa
I-Smelting iyisixhumanisi esiyinhloko sokukhiqizwa kwe-ferrosilicon, eyenziwa ikakhulukazi ezithandweni zikagesi ze-arc. Inqubo yokuncibilikisa ihlanganisa izigaba ezilandelayo:
Ukushaja: Layisha ingxube yempahla eluhlaza elungisiwe esithandweni somlilo se-arc kagesi
Ukushisisa ngogesi: Dlulisa umsinga omkhulu esithandweni ngokusebenzisa i-electrode ukuze ukhiqize i-arc enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa
Ukusabela kokunciphisa: Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, i-ejenti yokunciphisa inciphisa i-silicon dioxide ibe yi-silicon eyisisekelo
Ingxubevange: I-silicon nensimbi kuhlangana ukwenza ingxubevange ye-ferrosilicon
Ukulungisa ukwakheka: Lungisa ukwakheka kwengxubevange ngokwengeza inani elifanele lezinto zokusetshenziswa
Yonke inqubo yokuncibilikisa idinga ukulawula okunembile kwezinga lokushisa, ukufakwa kwamanje kanye nempahla eluhlaza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusabela okushelelayo kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ozinzile.
3. Ukuthulula nokuthela
Lapho ukuncibilikiswa kwe-ferrosilicon sekuqediwe, imisebenzi yokuthulula nokuthulula iyadingeka:
Amasampula nokuhlaziya:Ukusampula nokuhlaziya ngaphambi kokulayishwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukwakheka kwengxubevange kuhlangabezana nezinga
Iyalayisha:Khipha i-ferrosilicon encibilikisiwe esithandweni somlilo se-arc kagesi
Ukuthela:Thela i-ferrosilicon encibilikisiwe esikhunjini esilungiselelwe ngaphambili
Ukupholisa:Vumela i-ferrosilicon etheliwe iphole ngokwemvelo noma usebenzise amanzi ukuze uphole
Inqubo yokuthulula nokuthulula idinga ukunakwa ekusebenzeni okuphephile, futhi izinga lokushisa lokuthulula kanye nesivinini kufanele kulawulwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
4. Ngemuva kokucubungula
Ngemuva kokupholisa, i-ferrosilicon idinga uchungechunge lwezinqubo zokucubungula:
Ukuchoboza:ukuchoboza izingcezu ezinkulu ze-ferrosilicon zibe usayizi odingekayo
Ukuhlola:ukuhlukanisa ngokwesayizi yezinhlayiyana ezidingwa ikhasimende
Ukupakishwa:ukupakisha i-ferrosilicon ehlukanisiwe
Isitoreji nezokuthutha:ukugcinwa kanye nokuthutha ngokuhambisana nemininingwane
Nakuba inqubo yangemva kokucubungula ibonakala ilula, ibaluleke ngokufanayo ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende.
Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yokukhiqizwa kwe-ferrosilicon
1. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yezinto ezingavuthiwe
Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yezinto ezingavuthiwe kuwumugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo ye-ferrosilicon. Ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi izici ezilandelayo:
Ukuphathwa kwabahlinzeki: ukusungula uhlelo oluqinile lokuhlola nokuphatha abahlinzeki
Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezingenayo: ukuthatha amasampula nokuhlola iqoqo ngalinye lezinto ezingavuthiwe
Ukuphathwa kwesitoreji: ukuhlela ngokunengqondo ukugcinwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungcoliswa kanye nokonakala
Ngokulawulwa okuqinile kwekhwalithi yezinto ezingavuthiwe, ubungozi bekhwalithi ohlelweni lokukhiqiza bungancishiswa kakhulu.
2. Ukulawulwa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza
Ukulawulwa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza kuwukhiye wokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwekhwalithi ye-ferrosilicon. Ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi izici ezilandelayo:
Ukulawulwa kwepharamitha yenqubo:lawula ngokuqinile amapharamitha abalulekile njengezinga lokushisa, isilinganiso samanje, kanye nenani lempahla eluhlaza
Ukuqapha ku-inthanethi:sebenzisa imishini yokuqapha ye-inthanethi ethuthukisiwe ukuze uqaphe izimo zokukhiqiza ngesikhathi sangempela
Imininingwane yokusebenza:enze izinqubo ezinemininingwane yokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi opharetha bayazisebenzisa ngokuqinile
Ukulawulwa okuhle kwenqubo yokukhiqiza akukwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kodwa futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwempahla eluhlaza.
3. Ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo
Ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo kuwumugqa wokugcina wokuvikela wokulawula ikhwalithi ye-ferrosilicon. Ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi izici ezilandelayo:
Ukuhlaziywa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali:bona okuqukethwe kwezakhi ezifana ne-silicon, insimbi, ne-carbon
Ukuhlolwa kwendawo ebonakalayo:thola izinto ezibonakalayo ezinjengokuqina nokuminyana
Ukuphathwa kweqoqo:sungula uhlelo oluphelele lokuphatha iqoqo ukuze uqinisekise ukulandeleka komkhiqizo
Ngokuhlola umkhiqizo oqinile, i-Zhenan Metallurgy ingaqinisekisa ukuthi iqoqo ngalinye lemikhiqizo ye-ferrosilicon ethunyelwayo ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi.
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