I-Titanium ne-Ferrotitanium
I-Titanium ngokwayo iyisici sensimbi esishintshayo esicwebezelayo, ngokuvamile esimpunga ngombala. Kodwa i-titanium ngokwayo ayikwazi ukuchazwa njengensimbi eyinsimbi. I-Ferrotitanium kungathiwa iyinsimbi eyinsimbi ngoba iqukethe insimbi.
I-Ferrotitaniumingxubevange yensimbi ehlanganisa 10-20% yensimbi kanye 45-75% titanium, ngezinye izikhathi nenani elincane carbon. Ingxubevange isabela kakhulu nge-nitrogen, umoya-mpilo, ikhabhoni nesibabule ukwenza izinhlanganisela ezingancibiliki. Inokuminyana okuphansi, amandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu.Izakhiwo ezibonakalayo ze-ferrotitanium yilezi: ukuminyana 3845 kg/m3, indawo yokuncibilika 1450-1500 ℃.
Umehluko Phakathi Kwezinsimbi Eziyinsimbi Nezingezona Insimbi
Umehluko phakathi kwezinsimbi ezingayoni nezingezona insimbi ukuthi izinsimbi zayokayo zinensimbi. Izinsimbi ezisansimbi, njenge-cast iron noma i-carbon steel, zinekhabhoni ephezulu, ngokuvamile ezenza zithambekele ekugqwaleni lapho zichayeke kumswakama.
Izinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi zibhekisela kuma-alloys noma izinsimbi ezingenalo inani elamukelekayo lensimbi. Zonke izinsimbi ezihlanzekile ziyizakhi ezingenayo insimbi, ngaphandle kwensimbi (Fe), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-ferrite, kusukela egameni lesiLatini elithi "ferrum," elisho "insimbi."
Izinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi zivame ukubiza kakhulu kunezinsimbi eziyinsimbi kodwa zisetshenziselwa izakhiwo zazo ezifiselekayo, okuhlanganisa isisindo esilula (i-aluminiyamu), i-high conductivity kagesi (ithusi), kanye nezakhiwo ezingenazibuthe noma ezimelana nokugqwala (zinc). Ezinye izinto ezingezona insimbi zisetshenziswa embonini yensimbi, njenge-bauxite, esetshenziswa njengokugeleza kweziko eziqhumayo. Ezinye izinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi, okuhlanganisa i-chromite, i-pyrolusite, ne-wolframite, zisetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-ferroalloys. Kodwa-ke, izinsimbi eziningi ezingenayo insimbi zinezindawo zokuncibilika eziphansi, okuzenza zingakufanelekeli ukusetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Izinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi ngokuvamile zitholakala kumaminerali afana ne-carbonates, silicates, nama-sulfide, abese ecwengwa nge-electrolysis.
Izibonelo zezinsimbi ezisansimbi ezivame ukusetshenziswa zifaka insimbi, insimbi engagqwali, i-carbon steel, insimbi ecijile, nensimbi ekhandiwe.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezingezona insimbi ziningi, zimboza yonke insimbi ne-alloy engenayo insimbi. Izinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi zihlanganisa i-aluminium, ithusi, umthofu, i-nickel, ithini, i-titanium, ne-zinc, kanye nama-alloys ethusi njengethusi nethusi. Ezinye izinsimbi ezingavamile noma eziyigugu ezingenayo insimbi zihlanganisa igolide, isiliva neplatinum, i-cobalt, i-mercury, i-tungsten, i-beryllium, i-bismuth, i-cerium, i-cadmium, i-niobium, i-indium, i-gallium, i-germanium, i-lithium, i-selenium, i-tantalum, i-tellurium, i-vanadium ne-zirconium.
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Izinsimbi Ezisansimbi |
Izinsimbi Ezingeyona Insimbi |
| Okuqukethwe Kwensimbi |
Izinsimbi ezisansimbi ziqukethe inani elikhulu lensimbi, ngokuvamile elingaphezu kuka-50% ngesisindo.
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Izinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi zine-ayoni encane noma engenawo. Zinensimbi engaphansi kuka-50%.
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| Izakhiwo Zezibuthe |
Izinsimbi ezisansimbi zikazibuthe futhi zibonisa i-ferromagnetism. Bangakhangwa omazibuthe. |
Izinsimbi ezingezona insimbi aziwona uzibuthe futhi azibonisi i-ferromagnetism. Abakhangwa ozibuthe.
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| Ukuthinteka Kokugqwala |
Zingenwa kalula ukugqwala kanye nokugqwala lapho zichayeka kumswakama nomoya-mpilo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yensimbi yazo.
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Ngokuvamile amelana nokugqwala nokugqwala, okuwenza abe wusizo lapho ukuchayeka kumswakama kuwukukhathazeka. |
| Ukuminyana |
Izinsimbi ezisansimbi zivame ukuba minyene futhi zibe nzima kunezinsimbi ezingezona ayoni.
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Izinsimbi ezingezona ayoni zivame ukuba lula futhi ziminyene kancane kunezinsimbi ezisansimbi. |
| Amandla Nokuqina |
Baziwa ngamandla abo aphezulu kanye nokuqina, okubenza bafaneleke izinhlelo zokusebenza zesakhiwo nokuthwala imithwalo.
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Izinsimbi eziningi ezingenayo insimbi, njengethusi ne-aluminium, zingamakhondaktha amahle kakhulu kagesi nokushisa.
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Izicelo ze-Ferrotitanium
Imboni ye-Aerospace:Ingxube ye-Ferrotitaniumisetshenziswa kabanzi embonini ye-aerospace ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokuminyana okuphansi. Isetshenziselwa ukwakha izakhiwo zezindiza, izingxenye zenjini, izingxenye ze-missile kanye ne-rocket, njll.
Imboni Yamakhemikhali:Ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala, i-ferrotitanium ivame ukusetshenziswa embonini yamakhemikhali, njengama-reactors okukhiqiza, amapayipi, amaphampu, njll.
Amadivayisi Ezokwelapha:I-Ferrotitanium nayo isetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezokwelapha, njengokwenza amalunga okwenziwa, izimila zamazinyo, izimila zokuhlinzwa, njll., ngoba i-biocompatible futhi inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle.
Unjiniyela Wasolwandle: I-Ferrotitaniumisetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wobunjiniyela basolwandle, njengokwenza izinto zokuhlanza amanzi olwandle, izingxenye zemikhumbi, njll., ngoba imelana nokugqwala kwamanzi olwandle futhi ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside endaweni yasolwandle.
Izimpahla Zezemidlalo:Ezinye izimpahla zemidlalo, njengamakilabhu egalofu asezingeni eliphezulu, ozimele bamabhayisikili, njll., nazo ziyasetshenziswa.
i-ferrotitaniumingxubevange ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla nokuqina komkhiqizo.
Ngokuvamile, ama-alloys e-titanium-iron asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo ezinhle kakhulu futhi awusizo kakhulu emikhiqizweni edinga ukumelana nokugqwala, amandla aphezulu kanye nesisindo esincane.
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