I-Ferrosilicon yi-ferroalloy ebalulekileyo esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-metallurgy yentsimbi kunye ne-Foundry industry. Eli nqaku liza kwazisa ngokubanzi inkqubo yokuvelisa i-ferrosilicon, kubandakanywa nokukhethwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, iindlela zokuvelisa, ukuhamba kwenkqubo, ukulawula umgangatho kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo.
Imathiriyeli ekrwada yokuvelisa i-ferrosilicon
Iimathiriyeli ekrwada eziphambili
Izinto eziphambili ezifunekayo kwimveliso ye-ferrosilicon ziquka:
Iquartz:Nika umthombo wesilicon
Intsimbi yentsimbi okanye intsimbi ekrwada:Ukubonelela ngomthombo wentsimbi
I-arhente yokunciphisa:Ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa amalahle, i-coke okanye i-charcoal
Umgangatho kunye nomlinganiselo wezi zinto eziluhlaza zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwemveliso ye-ferrosilicon kunye nomgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela.
Iikhrayitheriya zokukhetha izinto ezikrwada
Ukukhetha izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ekrwada ngundoqo wokuqinisekisa impumelelo yemveliso ye-ferrosilicon. Ezi zilandelayo zezinye iikhrayitheriya ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha imathiriyeli ekrwada:
I-quartz: I-quartz ecocekileyo kunye nomxholo we-silicon dioxide ongaphezulu kwe-98% kufuneka ikhethwe. Umxholo wokungcola, ngakumbi i-aluminium, i-calcium kunye nomxholo we-phosphorus kufuneka ube ngaphantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Intsimbi yentsimbi: Intsimbi enentsimbi ephezulu kunye nomxholo ophantsi wokungcola kufuneka kukhethwe. Intsimbi ye-Scrap nayo yinto efanelekileyo yokukhetha, kodwa ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kumxholo we-alloying element.
I-ejenti yokunciphisa: I-arhente yokunciphisa enomxholo ophezulu wekhabhoni esisigxina kunye nezinto eziphantsi eziguquguqukayo kunye nomxholo wothuthu kufuneka zikhethwe. Ukuveliswa kwe-ferrosilicon ephezulu, i-charcoal idla ngokukhethwa njenge-arhente yokunciphisa.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziluhlaza akuchaphazeli kuphela umgangatho wemveliso, kodwa kuchaphazela iindleko zemveliso kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo. Ke ngoko, ezi zinto kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokubanzi xa kukhethwa imathiriyeli ekrwada.
Iindlela zokuvelisa iFerrosilicon
1. Indlela yokutshisa i-arc yombane
Indlela yesithando sombane se-arc ngoku yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwimveliso ye-ferrosilicon. Le ndlela isebenzisa ubushushu obuphezulu obuveliswa yi-arc yombane ukunyibilikisa izinto ezingasetyenziswanga kwaye inezi mpawu zilandelayo:
Ukusebenza okuphezulu:Inokufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu elifunekayo
Ulawulo oluchanekileyo:Ubushushu kunye neemeko zokusabela zinokulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo
Indawo intle:Xa ithelekiswa nezinye iindlela, inongcoliseko oluncinane
Ukuhamba kwenkqubo yombane ye-arc indlela yesithando somlilo ibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:
Ukulungiswa kwezinto ezikrwada kunye nokudibanisa
Ukulayishwa kwesithando somlilo
Ukufudumeza kombane
Ukusabela kokunyibilika
Ukukhupha eziko kunye nokugalela
Ukupholisa kunye nokutyumza
2. Ezinye iindlela zokuvelisa
Ukongeza kwindlela yokutshisa i-arc yombane, kukho ezinye iindlela zokuvelisa i-ferrosilicon. Nangona zingasetyenziswanga kancinci, zisasetyenziswa kwiimeko ezithile ezithile:
Indlela yesithando somlilo: Ifanelekile kwimveliso enkulu, kodwa ngokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kunye nefuthe elikhulu lokusingqongileyo.
Indlela yokufaka isithando somlilo: ilungele ibhetshi encinci, imveliso yeferrosilicon ecocekileyo.
Indlela yesithando somlilo sePlasma: itekhnoloji ekhulayo, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, kodwa utyalo-mali olukhulu lwezixhobo.
Ezi ndlela zineenzuzo zazo kunye nokungonakali, kwaye ukukhethwa kwendlela yokuvelisa efanelekileyo kufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokubanzi ngokwemeko ethile.
Inkqubo yokuvelisa iFerrosilicon
1. Ukulungiswa kwezinto ezikrwada
Ukusetyenzwa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada linyathelo lokuqala kwimveliso yeferrosilicon, kubandakanya la makhonkco alandelayo:
Uvavanyo: Hlela imathiriyeli ekrwada ngokobungakanani bamasuntswana
Ukutyumza: Ukutyumza amaqhekeza amakhulu emathiriyeli ekrwada ukuya kubungakanani obufanelekileyo
Ukomisa: Susa ukufuma kwizinto ezikrwada ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso
I-Batching: Lungiselela umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo womxube wezinto ezikrwada ngokweemfuno zemveliso
Umgangatho wokulungiswa kwezinto eziluhlaza uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwenkqubo elandelayo yokuvelisa kunye nomgangatho wemveliso, ngoko ke ikhonkco ngalinye lifuna ukulawulwa ngokungqongqo.
2. Inkqubo yokunyibilikisa
Ukunyibilikisa likhonkco elingundoqo lemveliso ye-ferrosilicon, eyenziwa ikakhulu kwiziko lombane le-arc. Inkqubo yokunyibilikisa ibandakanya ezi zigaba zilandelayo:
Ukutshaja: Layisha umxube wemathiriyeli ekrwada elungisiweyo kwiziko lombane le-arc
Ukufudumeza kombane: Dlulisa umsinga omkhulu kwiziko usebenzisa i-electrode ukuvelisa i-arc yobushushu obuphezulu
Ukusabela kokunciphisa: Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, i-arhente yokunciphisa inciphisa i-silicon dioxide kwi-silicon esisiseko
I-alloying: I-silicon kunye nentsimbi zidibanisa ukwenza i-ferrosilicon alloy
Ukulungelelanisa ukwakheka: Lungisa ukwakheka kwealloyi ngokongeza isixa esifanelekileyo semathiriyeli ekrwada
Yonke inkqubo yokunyibilikisa idinga ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu, ukongeza kwangoku kunye nekrwada ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusabela okugudileyo kunye nomgangatho wemveliso ozinzile.
3. Ukothula nokugalela
Xa ukunyibilikiswa kwe-ferrosilicon kugqityiwe, imisebenzi yokukhulula kunye nokugalela iyafuneka:
Iisampulu kunye nohlalutyo:Isampuli kunye nokuhlalutya ngaphambi kokukhulula ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukubunjwa kwe-alloy kuhambelana nomgangatho
Iyakhupha:Khupha i-ferrosilicon etyhidiweyo kwiziko lombane le-arc
Ukugalela:Galela i-ferrosilicon etyhidiweyo kwi-mold elungiselelwe kwangaphambili
Ukupholisa:Vumela i-ferrosilicon egalelweyo ipholile ngokwendalo okanye usebenzise amanzi ukupholisa
Inkqubo yokukhulula kunye nokuthulula idinga ingqalelo ekusebenzeni okukhuselekileyo, kwaye ukushisa okuthululwayo kunye nesantya kufuneka kulawulwe ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso.
4. Emva kokulungiswa
Emva kokupholisa, i-ferrosilicon idinga ukutyhubela uthotho lweenkqubo zokusetyenzwa emva:
Ukutyumza:ukutyumza amaqhekeza amakhulu e-ferrosilicon kubungakanani obufunekayo
Uvavanyo:ukwahlula ngokobungakanani besuntswana elifunwa ngumthengi
Ukupakishwa:ukupakisha i-ferrosilicon ehleliweyo
Ugcino kunye nothutho:ugcino kunye nothutho ngokuhambelana neenkcukacha
Nangona inkqubo yasemva kokulungiswa ibonakala ilula, ibalulekile ngokufanayo ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi.
Ukulawulwa komgangatho wemveliso ye-ferrosilicon
1. Ulawulo lomgangatho wezinto ezikrwada
Ukulawulwa komgangatho wezinto eziluhlaza ngumgca wokuqala wokukhusela ukuqinisekisa umgangatho weemveliso ze-ferrosilicon. Ibandakanya ikakhulu le miba ilandelayo:
Ulawulo lwababoneleli: ukuseka uvandlakanyo olungqongqo lwababoneleli kunye nenkqubo yolawulo
Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezingenayo: isampuli kunye nokuvavanya ibhetshi nganye yemathiriyeli ekrwada
Ulawulo logcino: Ukulungiselela ngokufanelekileyo ugcino lwemathiriyeli ekrwada ukuthintela ukosuleleka kunye nokonakala
Ngokusebenzisa ulawulo olungqongqo lwekhwalithi yezinto ezikrwada, umngcipheko womgangatho kwinkqubo yokuvelisa unokuncipha kakhulu.
2. Ulawulo lwenkqubo yokuvelisa
Ulawulo lwenkqubo yemveliso ngundoqo ekuqinisekiseni ukuzinza komgangatho we-ferrosilicon. Ibandakanya ikakhulu le miba ilandelayo:
Inkqubo yolawulo lwepharamitha:lawula ngokungqongqo iiparamitha ezingundoqo ezifana neqondo lobushushu, langoku, kunye nomlinganiselo wemathiriyeli ekrwada
Ukujongwa kwi-Intanethi:sebenzisa izixhobo zokubeka iliso ezikwi-intanethi ukujonga iimeko zemveliso ngexesha lokwenyani
Iinkcukacha zokusebenza:qulunqa iinkqubo zokusebenza ezineenkcukacha zokuqinisekisa ukuba abaqhubi baziphumeza ngokungqongqo
Ulawulo olulungileyo lwenkqubo yokuvelisa alunakuphucula kuphela umgangatho wemveliso, kodwa nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziluhlaza.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwemveliso
Ukuhlolwa kwemveliso ngumgca wokugqibela wokukhusela ukulawula umgangatho we-ferrosilicon. Ibandakanya ikakhulu le miba ilandelayo:
Uhlalutyo lwemichiza:Khangela umxholo wezinto ezifana nesilicon, isinyithi, kunye nekhabhoni
Uvavanyo lwepropathi ebonakalayo:Fumana iimpawu ezibonakalayo ezifana nobunzima kunye nobuninzi
Ulawulo lwebhetshi:ukuseka inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetshi epheleleyo ukuqinisekisa ukulandeleka kwemveliso
Ngokuhlolwa okungqongqo kwemveliso, iZhenan Metallurgy inokuqinisekisa ukuba ibhetshi nganye yeemveliso zeferrosilicon ezithunyelweyo ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yomgangatho.
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