Ferro Tungstenialloys ngokuqhelekileyo ibhekisela kwialloys eyenziwe yi-tungsten (W) kunye nentsimbi (Fe). Ukuthetha jikelele,
i-alloys ye-tungsten-ironazinamagnetic. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-tungsten ngokwayo iyintsimbi engeyiyo i-magnetic, kwaye umxholo we-iron kwi-tungsten-iron alloys uhlala uphantsi, ongenakukwazi ukunika i-alloy imagnetism ebalulekileyo.
I-Tungsten kunye neMagnetism yayo
I-Tungsten, eqhele ukubizwa ngokuba yi-tungsten, yikhemikhali enenombolo ye-athomu engu-74 kunye nesimboli ye-W. Izinto zemagneti zihlala zibizwa ngokuba zii-ferromagnetic elements, eziphawulwa ngama-electron angasebenziyo. I-Tungsten ikwanazo nee-electron ezingadityaniswanga kwiqokobhe layo elingaphandle, elivumela ukuba libonise uhlobo oluthile lwemagnethi. Ii-electron zihamba zisiya kummandla wangaphandle wemagnethi, zivelisa umzuzu wombane owenza ube nomtsalane kumhlaba wemagnethi.
Nangona kunjalo, i-tungsten nayo ine-dipole ehamba kwicala elichasene nempembelelo yangaphandle, ethintela i-magnetism yayo. Oku kuyenza ibonise iparamagnetism.
Ngaba i-Tungsten Alloy Magnetic?
Nokuba ii-alloys ze-tungsten zinokubonisa umazibuthe kuxhomekeke kwintsimbi ezidityaniswe kuyo. Ezi alloys zixutywe ngentsimbi engundoqo kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo zokulandela umkhondo.
Ngapha koko, i-tungsten inokusetyenziselwa ukwenza iialloys ezininzi ezinokuba neempawu ezahlukeneyo zemagnethi.
Umzekelo, insimbi ye-tungsten inozibuthe kuba iqulethe intsimbi ene-ferromagnetic iron. Oku kukwaqulethe umkhondo we-vanadium kunye ne-molybdenum kunye ne-8% ye-tungsten ubuncinane.
I-Tungsten carbide inokuphinda ibonise i-magnetism, kuxhomekeke kwezinye izinyithi ezisetyenziswe kwinkqubo yokudibanisa. I-Tungsten carbide idinga intsimbi edibeneyo ukuze idibanise ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ukhetho lwentsimbi luchaphazela iimpawu zayo zamagnetic. Ukuba i-cobalt okanye i-iron ifakwe kwi-alloy ngoko iya kuba ngumagnetic, kwelinye icala ukuba i-nickel isetyenzisiweyo iya kuba yimagnethi.
Izinto ezichaphazela iTungsten Magnetism
Kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela iimpawu zemagneti ze-tungsten. Ezi zinto ziquka:
Ubushushu:Lo mba uxhomekeke kumthetho kaCurie othi ukuchaphazeleka kwemagnethi kwesixhobo separamagnetic kuhambelana ngokungafaniyo nobushushu. Ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa kwamagnetic, okubangela ukuhla kwempendulo yamagnetic. Amaqondo okushisa aphantsi anempembelelo echaseneyo kwaye anyuse iimpawu zamagnetic ze-tungsten.
Indawo yemagnethi esetyenziswayo:Intsimi yamagnetic esetyenzisiweyo ichaphazela ukuqhelaniswa kwee-electron kwi-tungsten. Umhlaba owomeleleyo wemagnethi uvumela into ukuba ifumane amandla emagnethi abuthathaka okwexeshana athi anyamalale nje ukuba umhlaba wemagnethi ususiwe.
Umxholo wesibophelelo:Kwii-alloys ze-tungsten, i-binder elements isetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa izinto ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-cobalt yaziwa ngokuphucula ezi zakhiwo, ngelixa i-nickel inqanda umphumo osele unqunyelwe, okwenza i-element ingabi yimagnetic.
Ukuqulunqwa:Ukubunjwa okuchanekileyo kwesi sixhobo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iipropati zemagneti ze-tungsten kunye nenani lee-electron ezingabonakaliyo kunye nobukho be-dipoles kunye nokuhlelwa kwazo.
Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokubaluleka kweTungsten
Njengento ebalulekileyo yesinyithi,
i-tungsteninoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kunye nokubaluleka kwiinkalo zoshishino kunye nesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe. Ezi zilandelayo zicelo eziphambili kunye nokubaluleka kwe-tungsten:
1. Ukwenziwa kwe-alloy yobushushu obuphezuluI-Tungsten ineendawo eziphezulu zokunyibilika kunye neempawu zamandla aphezulu, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni i-alloys ephezulu yokushisa. Ezi ngxubevange zobushushu obuphezulu ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwi-aerospace, ii-aeroengines, amandla enyukliya kunye nemizi-mveliso yeekhemikhali, kwaye inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nemo engqongileyo yoxinzelelo.
2. Izixhobo zokusika kunye ne-abrasivesNgenxa yobunzima obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kwe-tungsten, ii-alloys ze-tungsten zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukwenza izixhobo zokusika, iidrill, i-abrasives kunye nezixhobo zokugaya. Ezi zixhobo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwesinyithi, imigodi kunye nezinye iindawo zoshishino.
3. Ishishini le-elektroniki
I-Tungsten isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lombane ukwenza i-electrode, iityhubhu zokufunxa, izixhobo zombane kunye nezixhobo zesemiconductor. Indawo yayo ephezulu yokunyibilika kunye nokuzinza kwenza enye yezinto ezifanelekileyo kwizixhobo zombane.
4. Intsimi yezonyango
Ii-alloys ze-Tungsten zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izixhobo zonyango, izixhobo zokukhusela i-radiation kunye nezixhobo ze-radiotherapy. Ubuninzi bayo obuphezulu kunye neempawu zokukhusela i-radiation yenza kube isicelo esibalulekileyo kwintsimi yezonyango.
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5. Indawo yamandla enyukliya
I-Tungsten isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwindawo yamandla enyukliya ukwenza imathiriyeli yokulawula ukusabela kwizixhobo zenyukliya kunye nezinye izixhobo zamandla enyukliya. Ukuxinana kwayo okuphezulu kunye nendawo yokunyibilika kuyenza ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwimathiriyeli yamandla enyukliya.
6. Ezinye izicelo
I-Tungsten ikwasetyenziselwa ukwenza ii-alloys ezinoxinano oluphezulu, izixhobo ze-aerospace, iilensi zamehlo, iinxalenye zemoto, njl.
Ngamafutshane, i-tungsten, njengento ebalulekileyo yobunjineli, ineempawu ezikhethekileyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali, ezenza ukuba zidlale indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezininzi. Ukuqina kwayo okuphezulu, indawo ephezulu yokunyibilika, ukuxhathisa umhlwa kunye nokuzinza kwe-dimensional kuyenza ibe yenye yezinto eziyimfuneko kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino kunye nezenzululwazi. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, intsimi yesicelo se-tungsten iya kuqhubeka nokwandisa kwaye yenza igalelo elikhulu kwinkqubela phambili kunye nophuhliso loluntu.
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