Umuti ni uruvange cyangwa igisubizo gikomeye kigizwe nicyuma. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ferroalloy ni uruvange rwa aluminiyumu ivanze n'ibindi bintu nka manganese, aluminium cyangwa silikoni ku bwinshi. Kuvanga biteza imbere ibintu bifatika nkibintu, nkubucucike, reaction, Modulus yumusore, amashanyarazi nu mashanyarazi. Kubwibyo, ferroalloys yerekana ibintu bitandukanye kuko imvange zitandukanye zicyuma muburyo butandukanye zerekana ibintu byinshi. Mubyongeyeho, kuvanga nabyo bihindura imiterere yubukorikori bwibikoresho byababyeyi, bikabyara ubukana, gukomera, guhindagurika, nibindi.
Ibicuruzwa bya Ferroalloy
Ibicuruzwa byingenzi bya ferroalloys ni ferroaluminium, ferrosilicon, ferronickel, ferromolybdenum, ferrotungsten, ferrovanadium, ferromanganese, nibindi. Umusaruro wa ferroalloy yihariye urimo inzira nyinshi zigomba gukurikizwa kugirango ubone ibintu bifatika byumubiri nubukanishi. Itandukaniro rito mubushyuhe, gushyushya cyangwa ibihimbano birashobora kubyara amavuta hamwe nibintu bitandukanye rwose. Imikoreshereze nyamukuru ya ferroalloys nubwubatsi bwabaturage, imitako, imodoka, inganda zibyuma nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Inganda zibyuma nizo zikoresha ferroalloys nyinshi kuko ferroalloys itanga imitungo itandukanye kumashanyarazi hamwe nicyuma.
Ferromolybdenum
Ferromolybdenum ikoreshwa kenshi mugukora ibyuma bivanze kugirango byongere ubukana, ubukana no kwambara ibyuma. Molybdenum iri muri ferromolybdenum muri rusange iri hagati ya 50% na 90%, kandi imikoreshereze itandukanye isaba ibintu bitandukanye bya ferromolybdenum.
Ferrosilicon
Ubusanzwe Ferrosilicon irimo silikoni 15% kugeza 90%, hamwe na silikoni nyinshi. Ferrosilicon nigikoresho cyingenzi kivanze, kandi ikoreshwa ryayo ni umusaruro wibyuma. Ferroalloys ifasha kwangiza ibyuma nicyuma. Mubyongeyeho, binatezimbere ubukana, imbaraga hamwe no kurwanya ruswa. Ubushinwa nabwo bukora ferrosilicon.
Ferrovanadium
Ubusanzwe Ferrovanadium ikoreshwa mugukora ibyuma bivangavanze kugirango byongere imbaraga, ubukana no kwambara birwanya ibyuma. Ibiri muri vanadium muri ferrovanadium muri rusange biri hagati ya 30% na 80%, kandi imikoreshereze itandukanye isaba ibintu bitandukanye bya ferrovanadium.
Ferrochrome
Ferrochrome, izwi kandi nka chromium fer, muri rusange igizwe na 50% kugeza kuri 70% ya chromium kuburemere. Ahanini, ni umusemburo wa chromium na fer. Ferrochrome ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora ibyuma, bingana na 80% byibyo isi ikoresha.
Muri rusange, ferrochrome ikorerwa mumatara ya arc. Igikorwa cyo kubyaza umusaruro ni reaction ya carbothermic reaction, ibera mubushyuhe bukabije bugera kuri 2800 ° C. Amashanyarazi menshi arasabwa kugirango agere kuri ubu bushyuhe bwo hejuru. Kubwibyo, bihenze cyane kubyara mubihugu bifite amashanyarazi menshi. Abakora cyane ferrochrome ni Ubushinwa, Afurika yepfo na Qazaqistan.
Ferrotungsten
Ferrotungsten isanzwe ikoreshwa mugukora ibyuma bivanze kugirango byongere ubukana, kwambara birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ibirimo bya tungsten muri ferrotungsten muri rusange biri hagati ya 60% na 98%, kandi porogaramu zitandukanye zisaba ibintu bitandukanye bya ferrotungsten.
Umusaruro wa ferrotungsten ukorwa ahanini nuburyo bwo gutanura ibyuma cyangwa uburyo bwo gutanura amashanyarazi. Mu itanura riturika, ibyuma birimo tungsten bishyirwa mu itanura riturika hamwe na kokiya na hekeste kugirango bishonge kugirango bibyare ferroalloys irimo tungsten. Mu buryo bw'itanura ry'amashanyarazi, itanura ry'amashanyarazi rikoreshwa mu gushyushya no gushonga ibikoresho bibisi birimo tungsten kugirango bategure ferrotungsten.
Ferrotitanium
Ibirimo titanium muri ferrotungsten muri rusange biri hagati ya 10% na 45%. Umusaruro wa ferrotungsten ukorwa ahanini nuburyo bwo gutanura ibyuma cyangwa uburyo bwo gutanura amashanyarazi. Ubushinwa nimwe mu bicuruzwa binini bya ferrotungsten ku isi.
Imikoreshereze ya ferroalloys
Gukuramo ibyuma
Ferroalloys nimwe mubikoresho byingenzi byo gukora ibyuma bivanze. Mugushyiramo ubwoko butandukanye bwa ferroalloys (nka ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum, ferrosilicon, nibindi) mubyuma, imitungo yicyuma irashobora kunozwa, nko kunoza ubukana, imbaraga, kwambara nabi, kurwanya ruswa, nibindi, bigatuma ibyuma byinshi bibereye mubikorwa bitandukanye byubwubatsi ninganda.
Gukora ibyuma
Ibyuma bikozwe mu bikoresho bisanzwe, kandi ferroalloys igira uruhare runini mu gukora ibyuma. Ongeraho igipimo runaka cya ferroalloys irashobora kunoza imiterere yubukanishi, kwambara no kurwanya ruswa ya fer, bigatuma bikenerwa cyane no gukora ibice bya mashini, ibice byimodoka, imiyoboro, nibindi.
Inganda zingufu
Ferroalloys nayo ikoreshwa munganda zingufu, nkibikoresho byingenzi byahindura amashanyarazi. Alloy fer ifite imbaraga za rukuruzi nziza hamwe na hystereze nkeya, zishobora kugabanya neza gutakaza ingufu za transformateur.
Ikirere
Gukoresha ferroalloys mu kirere cyo mu kirere na byo ni ingenzi cyane, nko gukora ibice byubatswe hamwe n’ibice bya moteri yindege na roketi, bisaba ko ibyo bice bigira ibimenyetso nkibiremereye, imbaraga nyinshi hamwe n’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Inganda zikora imiti
Mu nganda zikora imiti, ferroalloys ikoreshwa nkibintu bitanga umusemburo wa synthesis synthesis, gutunganya gaze nibindi bikorwa.
Ibikoresho byangiritse
Ferroalloys zimwe na zimwe zirashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugutegura ibikoresho bivunika kugirango bitezimbere ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwibikoresho. Bakunze gukoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho bivunika mu nganda nko gukora ibyuma no gukora ibyuma.
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