Uburyo Ferro Amavuta Yakozwe？

Ferroalloys

Ferroalloys nubuhanga bukomeye burimo ibyuma hamwe nicyuma kimwe cyangwa byinshi bidafite amabara nkibintu bivanga. Ubusanzwe Ferroalloys igabanyijemo ibyiciro bibiri: ferroalloys nyinshi (ikorwa mubwinshi mu itanura ryamashanyarazi) hamwe na ferroalloys idasanzwe (ikorwa mubwinshi ariko ifite akamaro kanini). Ubwinshi bwa ferroalloys bukoreshwa gusa mugukora ibyuma no gushinga ibyuma, mugihe ikoreshwa rya ferroalloys idasanzwe iratandukanye. Muri rusange, hafi 90% ya ferroalloys ikoreshwa munganda zibyuma.
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, ferroalloys irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri byingenzi: ibinini byinshi (ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, silicon manganese na ferronickel) hamwe n'amavuta adasanzwe (ferrovanadium, ferromolybdenum, ferrotungsten, ferrotitanium, ferroboron naferroniobium).

Umusaruro wa Ferroalloys

Hariho uburyo bubiri bwingenzi bwo gukora ferroalloys, bumwe ni ugukoresha karubone hamwe nuburyo bukwiye bwo gushonga, naho ubundi ni kugabanya metallothermic hamwe nibindi byuma. Ibikorwa byambere mubisanzwe bifitanye isano nibikorwa byitsinda, mugihe ibyanyuma bikoreshwa cyane cyane mukwibanda kumurongo wihariye wo murwego rwohejuru usanzwe ufite karubone nkeya.

Inzira ya Arc Inzira

Inzira ya arc irengerwa nigikorwa cyo kugabanya gushonga. Imashini zigizwe nubutare bwicyuma (oxyde ferrous, oxyde silicon, oxyde ya manganese, chrome oxyde, nibindi). n'umukozi ugabanya, isoko ya karubone, mubisanzwe muburyo bwa kokiya, amakara, amakara maremare kandi make ahindagurika, cyangwa ibiti. Limestone irashobora kandi kongerwaho nka flux. Ibikoresho bibisi birajanjagurwa, bigashyirwa mu ntera, kandi rimwe na rimwe bikuma, mbere yo gushyikirizwa icyumba kivanga kugirango gipime kandi kivange.

Abatwara ibicuruzwa, indobo, gusimbuka hejuru, cyangwa imodoka zitanga ibikoresho byatunganijwe kuri hopper hejuru yitanura. Uruvange noneho rugaburirwa imbaraga zinyuze mu kugaburira ibiryo, haba ubudahwema cyangwa rimwe na rimwe, nkuko bisabwa. Ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru bwakarere ka reaction, isoko ya karubone ikora hamwe na oxyde yicyuma kugirango ikore monoxide ya karubone kandi igabanye ubutare kubutare bwibanze.

Gushonga mu itanura ryamashanyarazi arc bikorwa muguhindura ingufu zamashanyarazi mubushuhe. Ubundi buryo bukoreshwa kuri electrode butera amashanyarazi gutembera mumashanyarazi hagati yinama za electrode. Ibi bitanga akarere gafite ubushyuhe bugera kuri 2000 ° C (3632 ° F). Nkuko guhinduranya bigenda bitemba hagati yinama za electrode, isonga ya buri electrode ihora ihindura polarite. Kugirango ubungabunge umutwaro umwe w'amashanyarazi, ubujyakuzimu bwa electrode burahita buhinduka muburyo bwa mehaniki cyangwa hydraulic.

Exothermic (metallothermic) inzira

Inzira ya Exothermic ikoreshwa muburyo bwo kubyara amavuta yo mu rwego rwo hejuru hamwe na karubone nkeya. Hagati ya elegitoronike yashizwemo ikoreshwa muriki gikorwa irashobora guturuka mu itanura rya arc ryarohamye cyangwa mu bundi bwoko bwibikoresho byo gushyushya. Silicon cyangwa aluminiyumu ikomatanya na ogisijeni mu mavuta yashongeshejwe, bigatuma ubushyuhe bukabije bwiyongera ndetse no gukurura cyane ubwogero bwashongeshejwe.

Ferrochromium (FeCr) na ferromanganese (FeMn) yibirimo karubone nkeya kandi yo hagati ikorwa no kugabanya silikoni. Kugabanya aluminiyumu bikoreshwa mu gukora chromium metallic,ferrotitanium, ferrovanadiumna ferroniobium.Ferromolybdenumnaferrotungstenbikozwe na aluminium ivanze na silicon yo gutunganya ubushyuhe. Nubwo aluminiyumu ihenze kuruta karubone cyangwa silikoni, ibicuruzwa birasukuye. Ferrochromium ya karubone nkeya (LC) ubusanzwe ikorwa no gushonga ubutare bwa chrome na lime mu itanura.

Umubare wihariye wa ferrosilicon yashongeshejwe ushyirwa mubyuma. Umubare uzwi wurwego rwagati ferrosilicon noneho wongewe kumurongo. Igisubizo ni exothermic cyane kandi ikabohora chromium mu bucukuzi bwayo, ikabyara ferrochrome ya LC na calcium silicate slag. Iyi shitingi, ikirimo okiside ya chromium ishobora kugarurwa, ifata hamwe na ferrochrome ya karubone yashongeshejwe mucyiciro cya kabiri kugirango ikore ferrochrome yo mu rwego rwo hagati. Ubusanzwe Exothermic inzira ikorerwa mumato yuguruye kandi irashobora kubyara ibyuka bihumanya bisa nkibikorwa bya arc byarohamye mugihe gito mugihe cyo kugabanya.