Ntxiv nrog rau kev siv los ua hlau, ferrosilicon kuj tseem siv los ua deoxidizer hauv smelting ntawm magnesium hlau. Cov txheej txheem steelmaking yog txheej txheem uas cov hlau molten yog decarburized thiab tshem tawm cov teeb meem impurities xws li phosphorus thiab sulfur los ntawm tshuab oxygen lossis ntxiv oxidants. Thaum lub sij hawm ua cov hlau los ntawm npua hlau, cov pa oxygen hauv cov hlau molten maj mam nce, thiab feem ntau sawv cev los ntawm FeO muaj nyob rau hauv cov hlau molten. Yog tias cov pa ntau dhau ntawm cov hlau tsis raug tshem tawm los ntawm silicon-manganese alloy, nws tsis tuaj yeem muab pov rau hauv cov hlau uas tsim nyog, thiab cov hlau uas muaj cov khoom siv zoo tsis tuaj yeem muab tau.
Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxiv qee cov ntsiab lus uas muaj lub zog ruaj khov nrog cov pa oxygen dua li cov hlau, thiab nws cov oxides yooj yim tshem tawm ntawm cov hlau molten rau hauv cov slag. Raws li kev khi lub zog ntawm ntau yam hauv cov hlau molten rau oxygen, qhov kev txiav txim los ntawm qaug zog mus rau lub zog yog raws li nram no: chromium, manganese, carbon, silicon, vanadium, titanium, boron, txhuas, zirconium, thiab calcium. Yog li ntawd, hlau alloys muaj li ntawm silicon, manganese, txhuas, thiab calcium feem ntau yog siv rau deoxidation hauv steelmaking.
Siv ua tus neeg sawv cev alloying. Alloying ntsiab tsis tsuas yog txo cov impurity cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv steel, tab sis kuj kho cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm hlau. Feem ntau siv cov alloying ntsiab muaj xws li silicon, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, tungsten, cobalt, boron, niobium, thiab lwm yam. steel qib uas muaj cov alloying sib txawv thiab cov ntsiab lus alloy muaj cov khoom sib txawv thiab siv. Siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis. Tsis tas li ntawd, ferrosilicon tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis rau kev tsim cov ferromolybdenum, ferrovanadium thiab lwm yam hlau alloys. Silicon-chromium alloy thiab silicon-manganese alloy tuaj yeem siv los ua cov neeg ua haujlwm kom txo qis cov pa roj carbon ferrochromium thiab nruab nrab-tsawg carbon ferromanganese feem.
Hauv luv luv, silicon tuaj yeem txhim kho elasticity thiab sib nqus permeability ntawm hlau. Yog li ntawd, silicon alloys yuav tsum tau siv thaum smelting steel qauv, cuab yeej steel, caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel thiab silicon steel rau transformers; Cov hlau dav dav muaj 0.15% -0.35% silicon, structural steel muaj 0.40% -1.75% silicon, thiab cov cuab yeej steel muaj Silicon 0.30% -1.80%, caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel muaj silicon 0.40% -2.80%, stainless acid-resistant steel muaj silicon 3.40% -4.00%, kub-resistant steel muaj silicon 1.00% -3.00%, silicon steel muaj silicon 2% - 3% lossis siab dua. Manganese tuaj yeem txo qhov brittleness ntawm cov hlau, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm cov hlau, thiab ua kom lub zog, hardness thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm cov hlau.
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